WASHINGTON, DC \u2013 El senador de Oreg\u00f3n, Jeff Merkley, miembro del Comit\u00e9 de Relaciones Exteriores del Senado, present\u00f3 hoy la Ley de Consideraci\u00f3n Constitucional para el Uso de la Fuerza. El proyecto de ley de Merkley es una Autorizaci\u00f3n para el uso de la fuerza militar (AUMF) que proporciona una alternativa clara a la AUMF Corker-Kaine que actualmente est\u00e1 debatiendo el comit\u00e9. <\/p>\n
\n\u201cSi bien aprecio enormemente el liderazgo del presidente Corker y del senador Kaine al renovar este importante debate sobre c\u00f3mo el Congreso puede reafirmar las autoridades que le confiere el mandato constitucional para frenar una guerra contra el terrorismo en constante expansi\u00f3n, tengo importantes preocupaciones sobre el proyecto de ley que actualmente se encuentra ante la Asamblea. comit\u00e9\u201d, dijo Merkley. \u201cHoy presento una alternativa que garantizar\u00e1 que Estados Unidos no permanezca en un ciclo interminable de guerras ni ceda autoridades constitucionales al presidente.<\/p>\n
\u201cEn esencia, el proyecto de ley ante el comit\u00e9 faculta a los presidentes para ampliar el alcance de la guerra de Estados Unidos contra el terrorismo a nuevos grupos y geograf\u00edas sin buscar autorizaci\u00f3n previa del Congreso. Y como ese proyecto de ley no tiene fecha de caducidad, prepara el escenario para una guerra sin fin. <\/p>\n
\u201cLos redactores de nuestra Constituci\u00f3n no pretend\u00edan que el presidente tuviera poderes ilimitados para hacer la guerra. Le dieron el poder de declarar la guerra al Congreso, porque el Congreso representa m\u00e1s directamente a las familias estadounidenses que ponen a sus hijos e hijas en peligro cuando nuestra naci\u00f3n toma la decisi\u00f3n solemne de ir a la guerra. No deber\u00edamos darle la vuelta a esa autoridad constitucional d\u00e1ndole al Presidente el poder de iniciar y ampliar guerras y al mismo tiempo dejar al Congreso con la imposible tarea de anular las acciones presidenciales. <\/p>\n
\u201cNecesitamos restaurar la visi\u00f3n de la Constituci\u00f3n y asegurarnos de que el Congreso, no el Presidente, tenga la \u00faltima palabra en la decisi\u00f3n de enviar nuestras tropas a la batalla. Es por eso que mi AUMF garantiza que el Congreso debe votar de manera proactiva antes de que el Presidente expanda la guerra a nuevos grupos y territorios e introduzca controles y contrapesos adicionales, incluida una cl\u00e1usula de extinci\u00f3n de tres a\u00f1os, l\u00edmites a las tropas terrestres y la exigencia de cumplimiento del derecho internacional.<\/p>\n
\u201cNos enfrentamos a amenazas reales en todo el mundo, pero no creo que el pueblo estadounidense quiera una guerra interminable y en constante expansi\u00f3n. Enviar a hombres y mujeres a arriesgar sus vidas deber\u00eda ser una decisi\u00f3n dif\u00edcil, y el Congreso les debe una decisi\u00f3n cuidadosa y meditada. Necesitamos sacar la guerra del piloto autom\u00e1tico y establecer un marco que haga que el Congreso haga su trabajo, incluso si es dif\u00edcil\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
El AUMF de Merkley se basa en siete principios clave, que Merkley describi\u00f3 la semana pasada antes de la audiencia del Comit\u00e9 de Relaciones Exteriores del Senado sobre un nuevo AUMF. Esos principios son:<\/p>\n
1. Mantiene el papel constitucional del Congreso en la autorizaci\u00f3n de la guerra.<\/b><\/p>\n
Los redactores de la Constituci\u00f3n claramente otorgaron al Congreso el poder de autorizar la guerra. Cualquier nueva AUMF debe exigir que el Congreso \u2013los representantes directos del pueblo estadounidense\u2013 autorice nuevas acciones militares en lugar de delegar este poder al Presidente.<\/p>\n
2. Requiere autorizaci\u00f3n del Congreso para ampliar la acci\u00f3n militar.<\/b><\/p>\n
Deber\u00eda requerirse autorizaci\u00f3n del Congreso, realizada bajo procedimientos acelerados, para ampliar la acci\u00f3n contra cualquier nuevo grupo o pa\u00eds terrorista m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de Al Qaeda, los talibanes y el Estado Isl\u00e1mico de Irak y el Levante (ISIL) y m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de los pa\u00edses especificados en una nueva AUMF.<\/p>\n
3. Limita el uso de fuerzas terrestres estadounidenses.<\/b><\/p>\n
Requerir autorizaci\u00f3n expl\u00edcita del Congreso para la introducci\u00f3n de fuerzas terrestres estadounidenses en un conflicto.<\/p>\n
4. Establece una puesta de sol de 3 a\u00f1os.<\/b><\/p>\n
Ninguna AUMF deber\u00eda autorizar una guerra sin fin. El Congreso deber\u00eda fijar una fecha de caducidad y verse obligado a revisar peri\u00f3dicamente los supuestos y hechos subyacentes sobre el terreno relevantes para una autorizaci\u00f3n para el uso de la fuerza militar.<\/p>\n
5. Se adhiere al derecho internacional.<\/b><\/p>\n
Exigir que Estados Unidos respete el derecho internacional, incluido el uso proporcional de la fuerza y la distinci\u00f3n entre combatientes y civiles.<\/p>\n
6. Requiere transparencia.<\/b><\/p>\n
El poder ejecutivo debe ser transparente al proporcionar informaci\u00f3n cr\u00edtica al Congreso y al pueblo estadounidense. Esa informaci\u00f3n debe incluir la descripci\u00f3n de los objetivos de nuestra guerra contra los grupos terroristas y las estrategias sobre c\u00f3mo planean abordar las amenazas; un informe sobre las v\u00edctimas civiles resultantes de la acci\u00f3n militar estadounidense; otra informaci\u00f3n cr\u00edtica para comprender el alcance y el impacto del conflicto; y los costos financieros para los contribuyentes estadounidenses.<\/p>\n
7. Deroga las AUMF de 2001 y 2002.<\/b><\/p>\n
Es fundamental derogar los AUMF de 2001 y 2002. Se han extendido mucho m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de los l\u00edmites expresados directamente en la legislaci\u00f3n y han facilitado 17 a\u00f1os de guerra. El AUMF de 2002 deber\u00eda expirar inmediatamente y el AUMF de 2001 despu\u00e9s de seis meses, lo que permitir\u00eda al Presidente una ventana de seis meses para acudir al Congreso y buscar aprobaciones adicionales. <\/p>\n
El texto completo del Merkley AUMF se puede encontrar aqu\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"WASHINGTON, D.C. – Oregon’s Senator Jeff Merkley, a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, today introduced the Constitutional Consideration for Use of Force Act. Merkley’s bill is an Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF) that provides a clear alternative to the Corker-Kaine AUMF currently being debated by the committee. “While I tremendously appreciate […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[38],"class_list":["post-4566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-press-releases","tag-foreign-policy-and-national-security"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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